Photographic camera.



PATENTED m; 124; w 1906.- v 0. E. DAVIS. PHOTOGRAPHIG CAMERA. APPLICATION FILED mun 30.1903.

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PATENTED AUG. 14, 1906.

I c. E. DAVIS.

PHOTOGRAPHIG CAMERA. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 30 1903 PATENTED AUG. 14,1 06. 0. E. DAVIS.

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.10 all when-2 it may concern:

Be it known that I, {JHARLES E. DAVIS, of VVF-ltllfinl, in the county of Illiddlesex anl State of" l /lcssachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in'Photographic lsmercs, of which the following; is s specification.

This invention relates to s combinstioir comers designed. to be converted from 2. lens s lensless instrument, and vice verso, end also convertible from single-picturc to multiple-picture instrument.

The object of the invention is to secure the greatest cdsptchinty to the dill'ercut services consistent with simplicity and compact: and. it further object is to specially fucil vote the taking of pictures by the icnslessapcrturc method, To the accomplishment of these interrelated objects the different lectures of the invention are particularly directed, as will. appear.

Qt the accompanying drawings, Figure l nepresents e. longltudinnl section of camera crov with my improvements, the section hem; (en through one oi the side or storeoscopic exposure-sporturcs. represents a front elevation. Fig. 3 represents s top plsn View broken away in the middle. l represents a. side (lGVLtl'lOll on a re duced scale. Fig. 5 represents a. perspective View of the rear part or the camera. with the hinged beck thrown open. Fig. (5 represents Fig. 7 repa rear elevation of the rumors. Fig. 8 represents 9.- section on line 25 of Fig. 4. Fig. 9 represents a perspccthrc View of the hinged front with its flo gs raised. Fig. ll) represents 5. front elevation showing;- c. modification in the structure at the front of the camera. Fig. 11 represents an elevation Fig. 2

" showing modified form 05' dividing-pert tion for the interior of the comers.

in the drawings, 34' represents the comers? box, homing outer reur section 3 nsliding telescopic front section 32, and on inner light-excluding skin or shell 33 scmlrcd to the section 33. end fitting closely within the section 3'2. I54- a hinged buck l'mmo rnhhetml or recessed to receive the tonne 35%), holding the ground glass 35. forward. by springs 35], so no to o :cu'py the clone of the plate or sensitive run-loco wl'ien the pluteholdcr 1S absent, these springs surrounding);grndorods 35i2,wlu y the ground. glass is guided to move into and out of the .s y -nn -9. '15 .21 A 1WD elco com o... no loos nave hccus o1 Specification of Letters Fatent.

Zlnelication filed June 39, 1903. Serial No. 163,806.

The lot tor projected DAVEY, i fALll'llllli, lRiASSACllUSE'l lTS.

Putented Aug. 14%, 1906.

finger-pieces 353 for withdrawing the frcme. The frame 350 when in operative position abuts cgcinst the stop or abutment 354, car'- ried by the outer section 31, and to which the light-excluding skin 33 is secured, as best seen in Fig. 1. This stop 85% acts not only as it stop to limit the movement of the frame 350, but also acts to exclude the light from the interior of the camera.

On the corners of the camera at the plcteholder containing portion are reinforcing angle pieces or braces 310, one of these being continued vertically downward to form a light-stop and abutment 311 on the side of central opening 37, said hinged front being also ruhbctcd to fit within. the front of the telescopic section 3'... This double rabbeted construction of the two fronts forms an effectual lighhoxcludcr.

The inner 1 irked front carries the lenslessaperture members, as will be presently explain ed. The hinged member 38 is support ed by two pairs of folding links 380 and 381 end is also provided with the hinged side flaps 400, one of which. has s top flap 401 hinged thereto. These flops are arranged to be folded against the inner surface 40 of the swinging front when not in use, and they may he opened out, cs shown in Fig. 9, Withthc side flaps 400 extending at right angles to the front and. the top flap bridgin the two side flops and secured to one of them by a fastening means 4-02. When thus opened out, these flops screen the lens-opening from the suns rsys, and thus form an antifogging device which can be used when the camera is poin ted in the general direction of thc SU.H.\

Any suitable focusing device may be employed. That shown is crmstructed. us follows: Along the four ed es of the telcsco ')ic section 32 are extended four rocks 41., l'XlGSlling with pinions 42, mounted in pairs on two horizontal-shcfts 43 One of these shafts, as the lower one, has a. thumb head or knob 44 for rot-sting it, and the horizon al shafts are IIC connected by a vertical shaft 45 and bevelgearing 46. In this manner power is applied equally on all four corners of the telescopic section, and the latter moves easily without binding. The racks 41 operate behind slotted plates 410 and are provided with clamping devices 411, as shown in Figs. 4 and 8, for securing the telescopic section in any adjustment.

The above-described method of constructing and operating the telescopic camera-box is desi ned with special reference to securing a parallel moving of the front of the camera carrying the lensless-aperture member with respect to the rear part carrying the sensitive surface and is also designed with reference to securing an interior space which will properly receive the inside fittings hereinafter described.

To determine how much is included in the field defined on the sensitive surface when the lensless aperture is employed, there is mounted on top of the camera-box the followin mechanism: 47 is a post or sightingpoint inged to the telescopic section 32 and coinciding with the vertical line through the crossing of the light-re s in the exposure-an erture. A spring-catc 48 holds this post in folded or inoperative position, and a spring 49 tends to project it into an outstanding or extended operative position, as shown in ig 2. On the rear section 31 of the camera-box and coinciding with the plane of the sensitive surface is a hinged plate or bar 50, elevated into outstandin operative position by a spring 51 and hel d in folded inoperative positlon by a spring-catch 52. Along the upper edge of this bar are located pairs of sightingpomts 53, whose members are separated by distances corresponding to the widths of di ferent sizes of sensitive surfaces or plates.- By si hting toward the forward point 47 from t e members of a pair of rear points 53 after the camera-box is adjusted to its proper extension the limits of the object or objects to be photographed, which will appear on the correspondin size of sensitive surface, may be determine Sighting cords or strings 54 may be extended between the sightingpoints, as indicated in Fig. 3, and if these are elastic bands they will remain in tension at different ad justme'nts of the camera-box sections.

On top of the box, Fig. 3, is a focusing-gage composed of a scale 500 and a pointer 501 for ga ing the focus of the lens in the aperture-- For lensless exposures I provide atu e 39.. pointer 502, fixed to the camera-section 31 on the same stem with the pointer 501, and a scale 503 on the camera-section 32, graduated in uniform units proportional to the amount of extension of the telescopic section. This device is a magnification-scale for ga in the size of the image projected throng the lensless-aperture plate.

Any suitable actinograph 520 may be em ployed for gaging t e time of exposure through the lensless a erture.

On' rout of the fixe board or camera-front 36 is mounted a slide 55, movable in vertical guides 56 and carrying a socket threaded to receive a lensless-aperture plate 63, having a small exposure opening or aperture 64. Hinged to swing on an axis 58 parallel to the ray-axis of the aperture-plate is a shutterplate 57, having openings 59, adapted to be brought into register wlth the aperture 64. One of the holes or openings 59 is preferably left plain, as shown in Fig. 2, while the other two are covered with color-filters'fiO, the use of which, in connection with a no-lens aper ture, has been found to minimize halation and improve color values. The shutter has a solid or plain portion between openings 59,

which shuts off the access of light to the aperture-plate between exposures. A springprojected catch 61, 006 eratin with notches 62, holds the shutter-p ate wit the different openin or the blank space thereof in regis ter it the aperture-plate.

Y en the camera is employed to make lensexposures, the slide 55 is elevated until it uncovers the opening 37, and the hinged front 38 is closed or folded into vertical position.

In the fixed front 36 above the exposureopening 37 is an exposure-opening 68, normally closed by a flush plug 69. For high exposures with the lensless aperture the plug 69 is removed, theslide 55 elevated to co6perate with the opening 68, and the plug 69 replaced in the lower openin 37.

In addition to the central exposureopening thefixed front 36 is shown as provided with similar side openings 370 in the middle of the two side halves of the interior of the camera-box, such side openings serving for the purpose of takingv multiple or stereoscopic pictures with lensless apertures. For

this purpose said openings are fitted with.

suitable aperture-plates, such as have been described, mounted upon shutter-slides 380 -which move vertically in guides381 and are connected by a cross-piece 382, having a finger piece or knob 383, to operate the slides in common. By moving the aperture-plates carried by said slides in line with the openings 370 exposure is made, and by moving the blank parts of the slides over the openings 370 exposure is terminated.

70 represents flaps hinged to the slides 380 above and below the aperture-plates thereon.

and adapted to be positioned alternatively in front of said aperture-plates, said flaps carrying color-filters of different kinds.

It will be noted that the slides 380 and their appurtenances are mounted at the bot-' tom of a sunken panel within a U-shaped recess 390. This leaves the shutter 57 upon'a protruded portion of the fixed front and enables it to swing across the slides 380.

Fig. 10 shows a substitute for the shutter 57 in the form of a flap 74, hinged to a stationary support and carrying color-filter flaps 75 and a solid or blank shutter-flap 7 6'. When the stereoscopic or multiple-exposureapertures are employed, the central exposure aperture of course is disused, and I divide off the interior of the camera into two side halves by a suitable device, such as the sliding par tition 71, Fig. 5, mounted in guides 72. Fig. 7 shows a modification of this partition in the form of hinged flaps 710, meeting at their free edges in the middle of the camera.

I have herein illustrated and described one embodiment only of my invention.

I claim 1. In a photographic camera of the character specified, lensed and lensless aperture members, and means for'alternatively supporting the same in position to affect the sensitive surface. i

2. In a photographic camera of the charaoter specified, a camera-front having an exposure-opening and lensed and lenseless, ap-

erture members movable into and out of line therewith.

8. In a photographic camera of the character specified, a camera-body having two fronts, and lensed and lensless aperture members on the respective fronts.

4. In a photographic camera of the character specified, a camera-body having inner and outer fronts, a lensed-aperture member on the outer front, and a lensless-aperture member on'the inner front movable into and out of line with the ray-axis of said lensedpermitting t aperture member.

5. In a photographic camera of the character specified, a camera-bod having inner and outer movable fronts ra beted for the exclusion 'of light, and lensed and lensless aperture memberson the respective fronts.

6. In a photographic camera of the character specified, a camera-front having a central opening for normal exposures, an elevated opening for high exposures, and a holder for a lensless-aperture member movable into'register with either of said openings.

7. In a photographic camera of; the character specified, a lensless-aperture member and a color-filter movable into and out of cooperative relation with the aperture of said member.

8. In a photographic camera of the character specified, a can'iera-body, a movable longitudinal partition for the interior thereof permitting the employment of said interior as a whole or in parts, and a plurality of lensless-aperture members for the respective parts.

9. In a photographic camera of the character specified, a camera-body, a movable longitudinal partition for the interior thereof e employment of said interior as 'a whole or in parts, a plurality of lenslessaperture members for the respective parts, and a central lensless-aperture member for I the interior as a whole.

10. In a photographic camera of the char.- acter specified, a camera-front having a cen 7o tral exposure-opening, side exposure-opem ings, and shutters for said several openings, the shutters for the side exposure-openings being connected to move in unison, and the shutter for the central opening being inde- 7,5 pendent fromthe other shutters.

11. In a photographic camera of the character specified, a camera-front having a central exposure-opening and side exposureopenings, sliding shutters for said side expo- 8 sure-openings connected to move in'unison and an independent shutter for the central exposure-opening.

12. In a photographic camera, a camerai'ront having side exposure-openings and a central exposure-o ening, vertically-movin shutters for the si e exposure-openings, sai shutters being connected to move in unison and an independent shutter for the centrai exposure-opening. 9

' 13. In a photographic camera, a camerafront having side exposure-openings and a central exposure-o enin'g, vertically-movie shutters for the si e exposure-openings, sai

shutters being connected to move in unison, I and an independent pivotally-mounted shutter for the central ex osure-opem'ng.

14. In a hotograp ic camera of the char-- acterspeci ed, a recessed camera-fronthav ing a rotruded exposure device, side expo- 10o sure evices in the recessed'portion of said front, and shutter mechanism for the central device movable across said recessed ortion.

L 1.5. In a hotographic camera of t e character'speci led, a lensless-aperture member, and a color-filter therefor hinged to move as a flap into and out of line with theaperture of said member.

16. In a camera of the class described, a j camera-body comprising a rear section and a n 0 front section each open at one end and one section telescoping within the other, a rabloeted or recessed back hinged to the rear section, an image-receiving plate non-detachable from said back and movable into and out of the recess therein, a light-excluding stop or abutment on the rear section for limiting the movement of the plate and a light-excluding skin attached to said abutment and located within the front section. 2

' 17. In a camera adapted for lens or lensless exposures, a camera-body having sec tions telescoping on each other, means for supporting either a lens or a lensless aperture member in position to effect the sensitive 5 surface, and a gage comprising a compound scale on one section of the body and an indieating member on the other section adapted to cooperate with both of the scale-sections, one section of the scale being for determining I30 .the size of the image and the other for deter 'with a lensless aperture member.

19. In aghotographio camera of the ch-aracte r speci ed, a camera-body,- a hinged front thereon, andflapsmounted to fold over said front.

20. In a photographic camera of the charaoter s eoified, a camerwbody, a hinged front t ereon," and flaps formable intoon arch'over the inner side of the hinged front to form cm antifogging device.

21. :In a camera x-ulapte for lens or 1e11s' less exposures, a ceme1-a-body,'=a lunged and seems "rabbeted or recessed -back thereon, an im- 1 age-receiVingplate non-detachable from said backbut movable into and out of the recess of said back and means to, guide said plate in its movement.

22. 111 a camera adapted for lens 'or lens less exposures, a camera-body, a frame at the "rear end thereof having an image-receiving plate, guide-pins on opposite edges of said plate having projecting finger-pieces, "and springs surrounding said pins and impelling said frame toward the front of the camera.

In testimony whereof I'heve afiixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

- CHARLES E. DAVIS.

Witnesses:

A. '1. RA' IGAN, C. F. BROWN. 

